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1.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 43(10): 743-748, Oct. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1357058

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective To assess maternal serum levels of vitamin D in fetuses appropriate for gestational age (AGA), small for gestational age (SGA), and with fetal growth restriction (FGR) according to estimated fetal weight (EFW). Methods This cross-sectional study included 87 pregnant women between 26 and 36 weeks of gestation: 38 in the AGA group, 24 in the SGA group, and 25 in the FGR group. Maternal serum vitamin D levels were assessed using the chemiluminescence method. The Fisher exact test was used to compare the results between the groups. Results The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of maternal age (years) and body mass index (kg/m2) in the AGA, SGA, and FGR groups were 25.26 8.40 / 26.57 ± 4.37; 25.04 ± 8.44 / 26.09 ± 3.94; and 25.48 ± 7.52 / 26.24 ± 4.66, respectively (p > 0.05). The maternal serum vitamin D levels (mean ± SD) of the AGA, SGA, and FGR groups were 22.47 ± 8.35 ng/mL, 24.80 ± 10.76 ng/mL, and 23.61 ± 9.98 ng/mL, respectively, but without significant differences between the groups (p = 0.672). Conclusion Maternal serum vitamin D levels did not present significant differences among pregnant women with AGA, SGA, or FGR fetuses between 26 and 36 weeks of gestation according to EFW.


Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o nível sérico materno de vitamina D em fetos adequados para idade gestacional (AIG), pequenos para idade gestacional (PIG) e com restrição de crescimento (RCF) de acordo com a estimativa de peso fetal (EPF). Métodos Realizou-se um estudo transversal envolvendo 87 gestantes entre 26 e 36 semanas, sendo: 38 do grupo AIG, 24 do grupo PIG e 25 do grupo RCF. A dosagem sérica materna de vitamina D foi realizada pelo método de quimiluminescência. Para as comparações entre os grupos, utilizou-se o teste exato de Fisher. Resultados A média ± desvio-padrão (DP) da idade materna (anos) e do índice de massa corporal (kg/m2) nos grupos AIG, PIG e RCF foram 25,26 ± 8,40 / 26,57 ± 4,37; 25,04 ± 8,44 / 26,09 ± 3,94; e 25,48 ± 7,52 / 26,24 ± 4,66, respectivamente (p>0,05). A concentração sérica materna de vitamina D (médias ± desvios-padrão) dos grupos AIG, PG e RCF foram 22,47±8,35 ng/ml; 24,80_10,76 ng/ml; e 23,61 ± 9,98 ng/ml, respectivamente, contudo, sem diferenças significativas entre os grupos (p=0,672). Conclusão A concentração sérica materna de vitamina D não apresentou diferenças significantes entre gestantes com fetos AIG, PIG ou RCF entre 26 e 36 semanas de acordo com a EPF.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Pregnant Women , Fetal Growth Retardation , Vitamin D , Infant, Small for Gestational Age , Cross-Sectional Studies , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Gestational Age
2.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 54(6): 537-542, nov.-dez. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-504656

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar os padrões histopatológicos das artérias do leito placentário em gestações complicadas por hipertensão arterial crônica (HAC) comparando-os com o de grávidas normais. MÉTODOS: Biópsias de leito placentário, segundo técnica de Robertson et al.1, foram realizadas em pacientes com idade gestacional igual ou superior a 28 semanas, submetidas a cesárea, após a dequitação. O grupo controle (GC) foi composto por 25 pacientes normais e o grupo de estudo composto por 13 pacientes com HAC leve (HL), 11 pacientes com HAC moderada (HM) e 11 pacientes com HAC grave (HG). As classes de hipertensão foram consideradas leve (PAD 90 - 100 mmHg), moderada (PAD 100 - 110 mmHg) e grave (PAD3 > 110mmHg). Os padrões histológicos das artérias espiraladas foram classificados em: padrão inalterado, modificações fisiológicas, desorganização da camada média, alterações hiperplásicas, necrose e aterose aguda. RESULTADOS: 1) Os achados anormais foram predominantes no grupo de hipertensas, sendo mais freqüente nos grupos HM e HG. 2) O achado anormal mais prevalente foi a desorganização da camada média, com distribuição semelhante nos grupos HM e HG. 3) Os padrões normais ocorreram nos grupos GC e HL, com distribuição semelhante entre si.


OBJECTIVES: To analyze histopathological patterns of placental bed arteries in pregnancies complicated by chronic arterial hypertension. Alterations were considered according to clinical classification of the hypertensive disorders as mild (MG); moderate (MoG) and severe (SG) for comparison with uncomplicated pregnancies, control group (CG). METHODS: Placental bed biopsy was performed in 60 pregnant women; the study group was comprised of pregnant women with hypertension, subdivided in 13 with severe chronic hypertension (CH), 11 with moderate CH and 11 with mild CH, and results were compared to 25 placental bed biopsies from uncomplicated pregnancies. All the pregnant women had a gestational age of at least 28 weeks of gestation with a live fetus and were submitted to cesarean section. Hypertension was considered mild with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 90 I? 100 mmHg, moderate DBP 100 I? 110 mmHg and severe DBP = 110 mmHg. Placental bed variables selected for histological analysis were: unaltered patterns, physiological changes, medial layer disorganization, medial and intimal hyperplasic changes, acute necrosis and atherosis. RESULTS: In cases with SG and MoG there was predominance of abnormal histophysiological findings: medial layer disorganization and hyperplasic changes, with a statistically significant difference when compared to MG and CG. Alteration in the medial layer was observed in these cases. The normal pattern, unaltered patterns and physiologic changes were more frequent in CG and MG. Physiological changes were the most usual finding, further, there was no acute necrosis or atherosis. CONCLUSION: 1. Abnormal histophysiological findings were predominant in hypertensive pregnant women compared to the normotensive ones; 2. These patterns were more frequent, according to the severity of the hypertensive disorders: Severe, Moderate and Mild; 3. More significant abnormal findings were a change in the medial layer, mainly in...


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Hypertension/pathology , Placenta/blood supply , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/pathology , Arteries/pathology , Biopsy , Blood Pressure , Case-Control Studies , Cesarean Section , Chronic Disease , Gestational Age , Hypertension/complications , Young Adult
3.
Femina ; 36(7): 439-444, jul. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-508222

ABSTRACT

A histerorrafia no parto cesáreo constitui tempo cirúrgico nobre, pois a adequada cicatrização uterina poderá evitar as nefastas conseqüências da ruptura uterina, para a mãe e concepto, em futura gestação e parto. Essa técnica de sutura, entretanto, não apresenta uniformidade plena na literatura. Os métodos subsidiários de avaliação do estado da cicatriz uterina também não têm se mostrado eficientes e práticos. Há preferência pela utilização de fios absorvíveis sintéticos, principalmente em função da menor reação tecidual que promovem. Não é consenso, mas prevalece a opinião de que um único plano com sutura contínua tem melhor relação custo/benefício. A técnica de histerorrafia na cesariana também poderá variar de acordo com o grau de urgência e volume de sangramento no momento do procedimento.


The hysteroraphy in the caesarean section constitutes a right time surgical procedure, as the adequate uterine cicatrization will prevent the uterine rupture undesirable effects for the mother and concepto, future gestation and childbirth. This suture technique, however, does not present full uniformity in literature. The subsidiary evaluation methods on the state of the uterine scar have not been shown efficient and practical. There is preference for the synthetic absorvible thread use, mainly in relation to the lesser tecidual reaction that is promoted. It is not a consensus, but the prevailing opinion is that there is better cost/benefit relation in an only plan with continuous suture. The technique of hysterorraphy in the cesarian section may also vary according to the urgency level and bleeding volume at the procedure time.


Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Cesarean Section/methods , Cicatrix/pathology , Wound Healing/physiology , Uterine Rupture/etiology , Uterine Rupture/prevention & control , Suture Techniques , Uterus/surgery , Hysterotomy/methods
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